Abstract Purpose: The impact of neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (CRT) on the postoperative complication rate is discussed controversially. Thus the aim of this study was to evaluate the postoperative complication rate in our patient population. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed to examine all patients documented online who had undergone conventionally fractionated adjuvant or neoadjuvant CRT from 2001 to 2009 in conjunction with curative resection (R0) for sporadic primary colorectal cancer in the middle or lower third. A total of 246 patients were included and analyzed. Two groups were formed: Group I, 2001-2004, adjuvant CRT, n=108, and Group II, 2005-2009, neoadjuvant CRT, n=138. Results: The two groups had comparable patient-, tumor- and therapy-related characteristics. No difference was found in the anastomotic leak rate (Group I vs. II: 10% vs. 11%). The rate of perineal wound healing problems differed significantly (Group I vs. II: 5% vs. 36%, p=0.016). While no patient died in Group I, lethality amounted to 1.5% (2/138) in Group II. Conclusions: Neoadjuvant CRT does not lead to a higher anastomotic leak rate or lethality in comparison to patients who were primarily operated and received adjuvant CRT in the further course. The rate of perineal wound healing problems is significantly increased.
Keywords: rectal cancer; neoadjuvant therapy; adjuvant therapy; chemoradiation therapy; complications; surgery

Abstract Purpose: To show and describe the clinical evolution of cervical cancer screening patients following the protocol established by the University of Padua. Methods: 12,679 patients were examined using Pap smear, colposcopy and biopsy in cases it was required. Results: From these large group of patients, 6,411 were diagnosed as patients at risk of developing cancer, from which 4,257 only had HPV infection, 1,150 had dysplastic lesions, 210 had cervical cancer and 794 cases were classified as simple oncogenic risk.
Keywords: preventive studies; uterine cervical cancer; human papillomavirus; gynecological care