Abstract Jobelyn®, a West African pharmaceutical product derived from Sorghum bicolor leaf sheaths has been shown to possess strong anti-tumour and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aims to evaluate the expression of cell surface markers CD69 on activated natural killer (NK) cells; natural killer T (NKT) cells; and T cells from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) upon treatment with Jobelyn® fractions using flow cytometry. Blood was collected from 3 donors, PBMC were isolated and plated with each specific fraction: crude extracts (J); ethyl acetate (JE); n-butanol (JB); secondary compounds from JE (JE5; JE6); purified and semi-purified compounds from JE5 (P8 and P9) at specific concentrations (2.5-500 µg/ml). For the crude extracts, JE was the most active showing significant expression of CD69 on NK-(P < 0.001), T- (P < 0.0001), and NKT- treated cells (P < 0.0001). Secondary compound, JE5, of JE also showed significant CD69 expression on NK- (P < 0.018) and T-treated cells (P < 0.027), but not on NKT-treated cells (P > 0.084). Similarly, the semi-purified compound P8, from JE5 showed increased expression of CD69 on NK- (P0.023); T- (P < 0.001), and NKT-treated cells (P < 0.007). Evidence of innate effector cells activation by ethanolic extracts of Jobelyn® suggests that this variety of Sorghum may be able to mediate direct cell cytotoxicity supporting the control and clearance of a number of tumour cells.
Keywords: CD69; NK cells; T cells; NKT cells; innate immunity; flow cytometry

Abstract The article describes the peritoneal calcification in peritoneal carcinomatosis, as well as its possible role in the development of carcinomatosis within the frames of the authors’ alternative theory. The analysis of the "serous-lymph hatches" condition of the intact peritoneum and peritoneum in carcinomatosis was carried out. Also the elemental quantitative calcium determination in the intact peritoneum and the peritoneum in peritoneal carcinomatosis was carried out using the atomic emission spectrometry.
Keywords: peritoneum; carcinomatosis; serous-lymphatic hatch; calcification; scanning electron microscopy; spectroscopy